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A Guide To Rotational Grazing – Answers To Five Questions You Might Have

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Here at South Ormsby Estate, we have a herd of over four hundred, 100% native original population Lincoln Reds, which come from one of the oldest and rarest breeds of cattle. Our herd enjoys grazing across approximately 500 of our 3000 acres of land through the rotational grazing method that we use here. You might have heard of this tactic before but have some questions about what it looks like in practice. This article seeks to answer five of the most common questions about this farming approach:

What is rotational grazing?

Rotational grazing is a method whereby cattle are rotated around pastures on a fixed time basis and do not return to the same area of land for a period to allow for its regeneration. Mob grazing is slightly different as the cattle are generally confined to a smaller area than with rotational grazing but stay in that space for less time.

How is it implemented at South Ormsby Estate?

Here at the estate, our grazing land is divided into approximately one-hectare paddocks. One of our groups will remain in this paddock for anywhere from half a day up to three days to eat the grass before being rotated into the next paddock. We then leave the paddock empty for a minimum of six weeks to give the grass ample time to regrow. This year, there will even be paddocks left for up to twelve months to allow the grass even more time to photosynthesise, and for carbon to return to the soil to make it more fertile.

Lincoln Red cattle at South Ormsby Estate

How does it benefit the cattle?

Employing this grazing method ensures that our cattle have an abundant diet consisting of up to 20 species of natural grass, clover, and up to 50 species of other plants including trees and bushes all year round. This results in healthier, stronger cattle that can live in the environment to which they are best adapted and suffer less injury and ill-health as a result. Lincoln Reds are bred to be cattle that live best on the land and forage whereas other cattle are bred to be grain-fed.

South Ormsby Estate’s herd enjoys a high-health status which is the highest standard of cattle health that can be registered. They are cared for year-round by our dedicated, experienced team led by Herd Manager John Crutchley.

What happens in the winter months?

Our cows forage on the land up until Christmas. After this, young stock and yearlings stay outside, and the rest of our herd is moved inside in preparation for calving which takes place around late February to early March. Even during this period, they are still fed on haylage from the estate grounds that has been gathered and stored over the year. This ensures that our herd maintains its Pasture for Life mark of being 100% grass-fed. We intend to have even more of our cattle outside all year round and we are in the process of planting shelterbelts and standing hay as well as building live-in barns in preparation for this.

Lincoln Red Cattle

What benefit does it have to the ecosystem?

Applying this rotational grazing technique improves the quality of the grass, as the grass can grow longer without being nipped off. This puts more nutrients into the soil, microorganisms then feed on what the grass puts in and this provides more fertiliser. Using rotational grazing results in up to twice as much grass than set stocking. In addition, it also gives each paddock a different grass height length which is good for biodiversity.

By the cattle being moved frequently, the grass is allowed to regrow, establish stronger roots and penetrate deeper into the soil. This, in turn, benefits the soil structure which is crumblier and more pliable as a result and reduces the risk of land flooding because more roots hold the land together and the soil won’t runoff.

Furthermore, small animals such as worms and dung beetles, which are found year-round, have more time to process the herd’s manure and increase their population whilst also helping aerate the ground and enhance soil health.

Birds also look for grubs in the manure and it is not even uncommon to see them making nesting areas in the long grass and standing hay in the paddocks which have been left vacant for longer than six weeks. When considering the sheer biodiversity that this approach allows to flourish at South Ormsby Estate, we are incredibly proud to have embraced it wholeheartedly and be continuing to expand upon our ambitious plans for a sustainable way of life here.

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